What instructional method should be used to help learners analyze a situation and examine facts?

The correct choice emphasizes the importance of using a case study as an instructional method when the goal is for learners to analyze a real or hypothetical situation and examine the relevant facts. Case studies provide a narrative that describes an event or scenario in detail, encouraging learners to critically engage with the material. This method fosters analysis and discussion as learners investigate the conditions, decisions, and outcomes presented in the case.

When working through a case study, learners can apply theoretical knowledge to practical situations, facilitating deeper understanding and retention of concepts. They are able to identify the pivotal elements of the situation, analyze the implications of different actions, and propose solutions based on their findings. This reflective practice is essential in fields like fire training, where decision-making can have significant consequences in real life.

In contrast, the other methods mentioned do not prioritize the same level of analytical engagement. For instance, lectures primarily focus on information delivery, group discussions can encourage exchange of ideas but lack the structured context that a case study provides, and demonstrations are effective for showing processes rather than fostering analysis of complex situations. Therefore, the case study method best aligns with the objective of analyzing situations and examining facts, making it the most suitable choice.